![]() ![]() Essential GO characteristics include sp 2 carbon domains and a large surface area. Graphene comprises carbon atoms with a honeycomb-like two-dimensional structure. Graphene oxide (GO) has been utilized as a small molecule-transport vehicle as it has efficient loading and is hepatotoxic. However, the optimum concentration of GO requires further research and discussion. The findings indicate that a 3D-printed GO scaffold can potentially be utilized for the construction of a cartilage matrix. Furthermore, the collagen I of the cartilage expression in treatment with the GO scaffold was significant from week 2 to 6. After an analysis with immunohistochemical staining with aggrecan and collagen I, the cartilage following the 3D-printed scaffold was thinner than that of the 3D-printed GO scaffold. Through scanning electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, and in vivo research, we observed that the newborn cartilage matrix extended along the border of the cartilage and scaffold and matured. Meanwhile, the progress of cell apoptosis was activated. ResultsĪ qualitative analysis of the chondrocyte-proliferation potential revealed that the culture of 3D printing with a 10% GO scaffold was higher than that of the other groups. Accordingly, we speculate that, as a type of micro material, GO can be used with 3D scaffolds for a uniform distribution in the cartilage layer. With the proliferation of GO, the biocompatibility of chondrocytes in a microenvironment constructed by 3D printed scaffolds and GO is innovative. Graphene oxide (GO), a type of micro material, has been utilized as a small molecule-transport vehicle. Three-dimensional (3D) printing involves the layering of seed cells, biologically compatible scaffolds, and biological activity factors to precisely recapitulate a biological tissue. ![]()
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